Electrostatically Figured Membrane Reflectors: An Overview

A schematic diagram of the electrostatically figured membrane reflector (EFMR) is presented in Figure 1. Here, active reflector figure control is exercised via electrostatic stresses which operate between the reflector and a second surface
called the -command surface. The command surface is located a short distance behind the reflector and is pulled firmly into an approximate paraboloid by a network of guy wires or comparable structure. This same surface supports insulated conducting segments which are individually addressable by dedicated control voltages. The control voltages are, in turn, collectively biased with respect to the reflector. The reflector, tensioned by a rigid rim at the perimeter, is distended toward the command surface by the bias. The resulting command surface potential distribution, and hence the electrostatic stress distribution acting on the reflector, is continuously and rapidly refined via the control voltages so as to produce and maintain a precise parabolic reflector figure. Optical reflector figure measurements provide the data necessary for computer-supervised figure control. Finally, in order to prevent command surface discharging by photons and charged particles, the command surface is completely enclosed by a conducting shroud of which the reflector serves as the front side. Guy wires to the back-side shroud can be used to figure the command surface. The complete shroud is not pictured in Figure 1.