Evaluation and development of new VAS remote sensing algorithms

An algorithm, developed to permit the simultaneous retrieval of temperature/moisture profiles and surface skin temperature by direct analytical solution of the radiative transfer equation, alleviates the problem associated with the interdependencies of water vapor retrieval on temperature retrieval and their dependencies on surface emissions. Simultaneous solution of all these quantities is achieved in one calculation using the available radiance observations. Since only a single matrix inversion is required for the specification of all parameters, the solution is computationally efficient. Ancillary observations of temperature and/or moisture from surface sensors on aircraft can be readily incorporated into the solution. Simulation tests of the method indicate improved performance over the previous iterative technique, particularly for the lower troposphere and for water vapor.