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Multifrequency radiometer detection of submarine freshwater sources along the Puerto Rican coastlineThe surface area above submarine springs of fresh water exhibit temperatures and salinities lower than the surrounding sea waters. A multifrequency radiometer system which earlier demonstrated an accuracy of 1 degree C and 1 part per thousand in remotely detecting the surface temperature and salinities, respectively, was used to detect submarine freshwater springs. The first mission on February 4, 1978, consisted of overflight measurements over three fourths of the coastal areas around the Island of Puerto Rico. During the second mission on February 6, 1978, special attention was directed to the northwest portion of Puerto Rico where several submarine springs had been reported. The previously reported spring locations correlated well with the locations detected by the radiometers. After separating the surface runoffs such as rivers, lagoons, marshes, and bays, 44 submarine freshwater springs were identified which indicates that the submarine freshwater outflow locations are more numerous around the island than had earlier been estimated. The majority of the submarine springs are located at the northwest and southeast portion of the Puerto Rican coastline. The success of detecting the same submarine springs during both missions at the northwest portion of the island was 39%.
Document ID
19810054384
Acquisition Source
Legacy CDMS
Document Type
Reprint (Version printed in journal)
Authors
Blume, H.-J. C.
(NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA, United States)
Kendall, B. M.
(NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA, United States)
Fedors, J. C.
(NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA, United States)
Date Acquired
August 11, 2013
Publication Date
June 20, 1981
Publication Information
Publication: Journal of Geophysical Research
Volume: 86
Subject Category
Oceanography
Accession Number
81A38788
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Other

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