Basic cryogenics and materialsThe effects of cryogenic temperatures on the mechanical and physical properties of materials are summarized. Heat capacity and thermal conductivity are considered in the context of conservation of liquid nitrogen, thermal stability of the gas stream, and the response time for changes in operating temperature. Particular attention is given to the effects of differential expansion and failure due to thermal fatigue. Factors affecting safety are discussed, including hazards created due to the inadvertent production of liquid oxygen and the physiological effects of exposure to liquid and gaseous nitrogen, such as cold burns and asphyxiation. The preference for using f.c.c. metals at low temperatures is explained in terms of their superior toughness. The limitations on the use of ferritic steels is also considered. Nonmetallic materials are discussed, mainly in the context of their LOX compatibility and their use in the form of foams and fibers as insulatants, seals, and fiber reinforced composites.
Document ID
19860010946
Acquisition Source
Legacy CDMS
Document Type
Conference Paper
Authors
Wigley, D. A. (Applied Cryogenics and Materials Consultants New Castle, DE, United States)
Date Acquired
August 12, 2013
Publication Date
July 1, 1985
Publication Information
Publication: AGARD Special Course on Cryogenic Technology for Wind Tunnel Testing