Upwelling O(+) ion source characteristics

The characteristics of an upwelling ion source are discussed. A typical upwelling event is analyzed using Dynamic Explorer 1 satellite retarding ion mass spectrometer (RIMS) observations of the low-energy plasma, and energetic ion and local electromagnetic field observations. The RIMS spectrograms of the O(+) ion species, radial and axial head data for O(+), and spin plan O(+) distribution functions are examined. The features of the upwelling observed include: (1) transverse ion heating to temperature of 100,000 K, (2) large outward flows of O(+), (3) enhanced flow of H(+) and He (+), (4) moderately strong field-aligned current sheets, (5) an associated intense eastward convection channel, and (6) strong wave emissions in the range near and below the proton gyrofrequency. The association between the upwelling O(+) signature and auroral current is investigated. Plasma wave and electric field environments are studied and plasma flows and densities are derived. It is noted that the mechanism for ion heating which defines the source region for these polar ion outflows is related to field-aligned currents and an associated auroral convection channel or jet.