Cascaded-Blackbody Heat Radiators

New class of heat radiators made of metal or other conductive fin stock, fins of which are textured or covered with smaller fins. Measured from outside, effective emissivity of projected radiator surface greater than, and somewhat independent of, emissivity of flat surface made of same material. Special coatings to enhance emissivity not required, and emissivity not degraded significantly in long term by environmental effects. Intended orginally to radiate excess heat away from spacecraft, new radiators also used on Earth to dissipate heat in vacuum systems.