An Outlook for the Twenty First Century as to Launch Operations, Facilities, and SystemsA discussion of launch systems for the 21st century is presented. The following launch systems are mentioned: the European Ariane family; the Japanese H-1 and H-2; the U.S.'s Titan, Delta, Atlas, and Space Shuttle; the Chinese Long March 4; and the USSR's Mir, Proton, and Zenit. Systems currently under investigation, including the Assured Crew Return Vehicle, Personnel Launch Systems, and Single Stage to Orbit (SSTO), are discussed. Automated operations, low Earth orbit, and reliability are addressed. Standards that were acceptable for ballistic missiles will not be acceptable for future launch vehicles. The achievement of significantly higher levels of reliability is seen as the challenge.
Document ID
19920011543
Acquisition Source
Legacy CDMS
Document Type
Conference Paper
Authors
Loftus, Joseph P., Jr. (NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Houston, TX, United States)
Date Acquired
September 6, 2013
Publication Date
October 1, 1991
Publication Information
Publication: ESA, Launch Bases and Control Infrastructures for Spacecraft