Monte Carlo simulation of reentry flows with ionization

The Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method is applied to a rarefied, weakly ionized, hypersonic flow over a blunt axisymmetric body. An ionization model based on the concept of ambipolar diffusion is used and a model for the sheath is presented. The effects of the new modeling techniques are investigated for flow over the Project Fire II configuration at 11.37 km/s at an altitude of 84.6 km. The calculated results are presented and compared with both experimental data and solutions where ionization effects were not included. In general, the calculated results overpredict the experimental values by about 15-20 percent.