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Simulations of the February 1979 stratospheric sudden warming: Model comparisons and three-dimensional evolutionThe evolution of the stratopsheric flow during the major stratospheric sudden warming of February 1979 is studied using two primitive equation models of the stratosphere and mesosphere. The United Kingdom Meteorological Office Stratosphere-Mesosphere Model (SMM) uses log pressure as a vertical coordinate. A spectral, entropy coordinate version of the SMM (entropy coordinate model, or ECM) that has recently been developed is also used. Comparison of SMM simulations with forecasts performed using the University of California, Los Angeles general circulation model confirms the previously noted sensitivity of stratospheric forecasts to tropospheric forecasts and emphasizes the importance of adequate vertical resolution in modeling the stratosphere. The ECM simulations provide a schematic description of the three-dimensional evolution of the polar vortex and the motion of air through it. During the warming, the two cyclonic vortices tilt westward and equatorward with height. Strong upward velocities develop in the lower stratosphere on the west (cold) side of a baroclinic zone as it forms over Europe and Asia. Strong downward velocities appear in the upper stratosphere on the east (warm) side, strengthening the temperature gradients. After the peak of the warming, vertical velocities decrease, downward velocities move into the lower stratosphere, and upward velocities move into the upper stratosphere.
Document ID
19950036935
Acquisition Source
Legacy CDMS
Document Type
Reprint (Version printed in journal)
Authors
Manney, G. L.
(Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA United States)
Farrara, J. D.
(University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA United States)
Mechoso, C. R.
(University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA United States)
Date Acquired
August 16, 2013
Publication Date
June 1, 1994
Publication Information
Publication: Monthly Weather Review
Volume: 122
Issue: 6
ISSN: 0027-0644
Subject Category
Meteorology And Climatology
Accession Number
95A68534
Funding Number(s)
CONTRACT_GRANT: NAGW-1021
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Other

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