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Convective transport over the central United States and its role in regional CO and ozone budgetsWe have constructed a regional budget for boundary layer carbon monoxide over the central United States (32.5 deg - 50 deg N, 90 deg - 105 deg W), emphasizing a detailed evaluation of deep convective vertical fluxes appropriate for the month of June. Deep convective venting of the boundary layer (upward) dominates other components of the CO budget, e.g., downward convective transport, loss of CO by oxidation, anthropogenic emissions, and CO produced from oxidation of methane, isoprene, and anthropogenic nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs). Calculations of deep convective venting are based on the method pf Pickering et al.(1992a) which uses a satellite-derived deep convective cloud climatology along with transport statistics from convective cloud model simulations of observed prototype squall line events. This study uses analyses of convective episodes in 1985 and 1989 and CO measurements taken during several midwestern field campaigns. Deep convective venting of the boundary layer over this moderately polluted region provides a net (upward minus downward) flux of 18.1 x 10(exp 8) kg CO/month to the free troposphere during early summer. Shallow cumulus and synoptic-scale weather systems together make a comparable contribution (total net flux 16.2 x 10(exp 8) kg CO/month). Boundary layer venting of CO with other O3 precursors leads to efficient free troposheric O3 formation. We estimate that deep convective transport of CO and other precursors over the central United States in early summer leads to a gross production of 0.66 - 1.1 Gmol O3/d in good agreement with estimates of O3 production from boundary layer venting in a continental-scale model (Jacob et al., 1993a, b). On this respect the central U.S. region acts as s `chimney' for the country, and presumably this O3 contributes to high background levels of O3 in the eastern United States and O3 export to the North Atlantic.
Document ID
19950052929
Acquisition Source
Legacy CDMS
Document Type
Reprint (Version printed in journal)
External Source(s)
Authors
Thompson, Anne M.
(NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD, United States)
Pickering, Kenneth E.
(Universities Space Reseach Association, Greenbelt, MD United States)
Dickerson, Russell R.
(Maryland Univ. College Park, MD, United States)
Ellis, William G., Jr.
(Maryland Univ. College Park, MD, United States)
Jacob, Daniel J.
(Harvard Univ. Cambridge, MA, United States)
Scala, John R.
(Universities Space Reseach Association, Greenbelt, MD United States)
Tao, Wei-Kuo
(NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD, United States)
Mcnamara, Donna P.
(Applied Research Corp. Landover, MA, United States)
Simpson, Joanne
(NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD, United States)
Date Acquired
August 16, 2013
Publication Date
September 20, 1994
Publication Information
Publication: Journal of Geophysical Research
Volume: 99
Issue: D9
ISSN: 0148-0227
Subject Category
Environment Pollution
Accession Number
95A84528
Funding Number(s)
CONTRACT_GRANT: EPA-R-81426-02-1
CONTRACT_GRANT: NSF ATM-93-04217
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Other

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