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Methods for the Organogenesis of Skeletal Muscle in Tissue CultureSkeletal muscle structure is regulated by many factors, including nutrition, hormones, electrical activity, and tension. The muscle cells are subjected to both passive and active mechanical forces at all stages of development and these forces play important but poorly understood roles in regulating muscle organogenesis and growth. For example, during embryogenesis, the rapidly growing skeleton places large passive mechanical forces on the attached muscle tissue. These forces not only help to organize the proliferating mononucleated myoblasts into the oriented, multinucleated myofibers of a functional muscle but also tightly couple the growth rate of muscle to that of bone. Postnatally, the actively contracting, innervated muscle fibers are subjected to different patterns of active and passive tensions which regulate longitudinal and cross sectional myofiber growth. These mechanically-induced organogenic processes have been difficult to study under normal tissue culture conditions, resulting in the development of numerous methods and specialized equipment to simulate the in vivo mechanical environment.These techniques have led to the "engineering" of bioartificial muscles (organoids) which display many of the characteristics of in vivo muscle including parallel arrays of postmitotic fibers organized into fascicle-like structures with tendon-like ends. They are contractile, express adult isoforms of contractile proteins, perform directed work, and can be maintained in culture for long periods. The in vivo-like characteristics and durability of these muscle organoids make them useful for long term in vitro studies on mechanotransduction mechanisms and on muscle atrophy induced by decreased tension. In this report, we described a simple method for generating muscle organoids from either primary embrionic avain or neonatal rodent myoblasts.
Document ID
19980237317
Acquisition Source
Ames Research Center
Document Type
Reprint (Version printed in journal)
Authors
Vandenburgh, Herman
(Brown Univ. Providence, RI United States)
Shansky, Janet
(Brown Univ. Providence, RI United States)
DelTatto, Michael
(Brown Univ. Providence, RI United States)
Chromiak, Joseph
(Brown Univ. Providence, RI United States)
Date Acquired
August 18, 2013
Publication Date
January 1, 1997
Publication Information
Publication: Methods in Tissue Engineering
Publisher: Humana Press
Subject Category
Aerospace Medicine
Funding Number(s)
CONTRACT_GRANT: NAG2-914
CONTRACT_GRANT: NAGw-4674
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Work of the US Gov. Public Use Permitted.

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