Progress in Integrated Fluid/Structure/Controls Computations Using High Fidelity Equations

Aeroelasticity that involves strong coupling of fluids, structures and controls is an important element in designing an aircraft. Computational aeroelasticity using low fidelity methods such as the linear aerodynamic flow equations coupled with the modal structural equations are well advanced. Though these low fidelity approaches are computationally less intensive, they are not adequate for the analysis of aircraft which can experience complex flow/structure interactions. Supersonic transports can experience vortex induced aeroelastic oscillations whereas subsonic transports can experience transonic buffet associated structural oscillations. Both aircraft may experience a dip in the flutter speed at the transonic regime. For accurate aeroelastic computations at these complex fluid/structure interaction situations, high fidelity equations such as the Navier-Stokes for fluids and the finite-elements for structures are needed. Using these high fidelity methods, design quantities such as structural stresses can be directly computed. Computations using these high fidelity equations require state-of-the-art large computational resources. This paper will describe the transition from potential equations to Euler/Navier-Stokes equations for fluids and from modal equations to finite element equations for structures. Complexities associated with grids for moving control surfaces will be discussed. All contents of the paper will be limited to those already presented at domestic conferences within U.S. such as those sponsored by AIAA. It will not include any materials related to HPCCP computational work.