The Europium Oxybarometer: Power and Pitfalls

One of the most important characteristics of a planet is the oxidation state of its mantle, as reflected in primitive basalts. Petrologists have devised several methods to estimate the oxygen fugacity under which basalts crystallized. One method that has been the subject of recent interest involves the depth of the Eu anomaly in first-crystallizing minerals. A discussion detailing the experimental calibration of the Europium oxybarometer and the application of this device to Angrites and Martian basaltic meteorites are presented. The strengths and weaknesses of the instrument are also included.