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Cellular and molecular mechanisms for the bone response to mechanical loadingTo define the cellular and molecular mechanisms for the osteogenic response of bone to increased loading, several key steps must be defined: sensing of the mechanical signal by cells in bone, transduction of the mechanical signal to a biochemical one, and transmission of that biochemical signal to effector cells. Osteocytes are likely to serve as sensors of loading, probably via interstitial fluid flow produced during loading. Evidence is presented for the role of integrins, the cell's actin cytoskeleton, G proteins, and various intracellular signaling pathways in transducing that mechanical signal to a biochemical one. Nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and insulin-like growth factors all play important roles in these pathways. There is growing evidence for modulation of these mechanotransduction steps by endocrine factors, particularly parathyroid hormone and estrogen. The efficiency of this process is also impaired in the aged animal, yet what remains undefined is at what step mechanotransduction is affected.
Document ID
20040088397
Acquisition Source
Legacy CDMS
Document Type
Reprint (Version printed in journal)
Authors
Bloomfield, S. A.
(College Station 77843-4243 United States)
Date Acquired
August 21, 2013
Publication Date
December 1, 2001
Publication Information
Publication: International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
Volume: 11 Suppl
ISSN: 1526-484X
Subject Category
Aerospace Medicine
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Other
Keywords
Review
NASA Discipline Musculoskeletal
Review, Tutorial
Non-NASA Center

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