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Spatial orientation perception and reflexive eye movements--a perspective, an overview, and some clinical implicationsWhen head motion includes a linear velocity component, eye velocity required to track an earth-fixed target depends upon: a) angular and linear head velocity, b) target distance, and c) direction of gaze relative to the motion trajectory. Recent research indicates that eye movements (LVOR), presumably otolith-mediated, partially compensate for linear velocity in small head excursions on small devices. Canal-mediated eye velocity (AVOR), otolith-mediated eye velocity (LVOR), and Ocular Torsion (OT) can be measured, one by one, on small devices. However, response dynamics that depend upon the ratio of linear to angular velocity in the motion trajectory and on subject orientation relative to the trajectory are present in a centrifuge paradigm. With this paradigm, two 3-min runs yields measures of: LVOR differentially modulated by different subject orientations in the two runs; OT dynamics in four conditions; two directions of "steady-state" OT, and two directions of AVOR. Efficient assessment of the dynamics (and of the underlying central integrative processes) may require a centrifuge radius of 1.0 meters or more. Clinical assessment of the spatial orientation system should include evaluation of central integrative processes that determine the dynamics of these responses.
Document ID
20040173300
Acquisition Source
Johnson Space Center
Document Type
Reprint (Version printed in journal)
Authors
Guedry, F. E.
(University of West Florida Pensacola 32514, United States)
Paloski, W. F.
Date Acquired
August 22, 2013
Publication Date
January 1, 1996
Publication Information
Publication: Brain research bulletin
Volume: 40
Issue: 5-6
ISSN: 0361-9230
Subject Category
Life Sciences (General)
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Other
Keywords
Review, Tutorial
NASA Discipline Neuroscience
Review
NASA Center JSC

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