Space rescue considerations.

Basic objectives of rescue requirements are examined together with the hazards that would necessitate a space rescue. Such hazards include subsystem or component malfunction, crew illness or injury, enhanced radiation levels, fire, collisions, contamination, explosion or implosion, extravehicular hazard, meteoroid penetration, and operational errors. The space rescue requirement, in most cases, is one of accelerated crew retrieval. Escape and rescue systems are discussed, taking into consideration the space shuttle as an example of an earth-based rescue system. Other systems considered include a separable escape capsule and an orbital-based rescue system.