Turbulence models from the point of view of an industrial user

Since there appears to be little prospect of the development of methods for the solution of the full, time dependent Navier-Stokes equations in the near future, the need continues for turbulence models to approximate the Reynolds stress terms that appear in the time averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Even if methods were available for solving the full equations, this would not necessarily be the optimum choice in all cases. As the cost of numerical computations decreases, the trend toward the use of more complex methods is likely to continue, but there will always be a need for a range of methods, depending on the accuracy and detail required from the calculation.