The trapped radiations of Saturn and their absorption by satellites and rings

The Pioneer 11 encounter with Saturn has revealed the existence of a fully developed magnetosphere with high-energy trapped radiation about Saturn. The present paper gives a detailed summary of the energetic charged particle measurements, including the overall characteristics of the trapped electron, proton, and helium radiation, which was found to lie inside 20 Saturn radii from the planet, and the regions extending outward to beyond the planetary bow shocks and into the interplanetary medium.