Cryogenic wind tunnels for high Reynolds number testing

The evolution and early development of cryogenic wind tunnels is reviewed, and consideration is given to current and future research in cryogenic wind tunnel testing. Emphasis is placed on the problem of low Reynolds numbers in current cryogenic wind tunnel tests as well as flow instability, wall interference and support interference which can inhibit a reliable simulation of complex three-dimensional flows. The operating characteristics of several of the worlds low-speed and high-speed cryogenic wind tunnel testing facilities are presented in the form of several graphs and photographs.