Simulation as an aid to phenomenological modeling

Certain difficulties arise in connection with the development of models for the prediction of turbulent flow characteristics. The present paper is mainly concerned with an approach which provides an aid in such development work by making it possible to test Reynolds average turbulence models. This approach is based on full and large eddy simulations of turbulent flows. Attention is given to details regarding Reynolds average turbulence models, mixing length models, two equation (k-epsilon) models, Reynolds stress models, and passive scalars. It is shown that a great deal about modeling can be learned from simulations of turbulent flows. There is reason to believe that these results will lead to improvements in the quality of predictions of turbulent flows.