A new convective parameterization scheme for global models

A convective adjustment scheme is presented for parameterization of the vertical temperature and moisture structure for large-scale numerical weather models. The temperature and moisture structure is adjusted toward observed quasi-equilibrium structures to maintain a realistic vertical temperature and moisture structure in grid-scale global models during convection. Two reference thermodynamic structures are modeled analytically to account for shallow and deep convection. The thermodynamic structure obtained is permitted to change as a function of large-scale advective terms, radiation and surface fluxes. The reference profiles are applied when an energy integral provides a description of the shallow or deep convective processes occurring. Comparisons with GATE, BOMEX and ATEX data and a 10 day forecast for weather over the tropical ocean illustrate the climate and precipitation forecast accuracy improvements available with the adjustment scheme relative to standard parameterization schemes.