Microgravity laboratory simulations of planetary and stellar circulations

This paper summarizes experiments on thermal convection in a rotating differentially heated spherical shell of liquid that were carried out in the microgravity laboratory of Spacelab III. In these experiments, dielectric polarization forces were used to generate a radially-directed buoyancy force. This enabled the simulation of a number of geophysically and astrophysically important situations in which sphericity and rotation both impose strong constraints on the global scale fluid dynamics. Recent theoretical and numerical interpretations of the original data are discussed. Further laboratory experiments in the areas of geophysical and g-jitter fluid dynamics are suggested.