On the nonlocal predictions of quantum optics

We give a definition of locality in quantum optics based upon Bell's work, and show that locality has been violated in no experiment performed up to now. We argue that the interpretation of the Wigner function as a probability density gives a very attractive local realistic picture of quantum optics provided that this function is nonnegative. We conjecture that this is the case for all states which can be realized in the laboratory. In particular, we believe that the usual representation of 'single photon states' by a Fock state of the Hilbert space is not correct and that a more physical, although less simple mathematically, representation involves density matrices. We study in some detail the experiment showing anticorrelation after a beam splitter and prove that it naturally involves a positive Wigner function. Our (quantum) predictions for this experiment disagree with the ones reported in the literature.