Out of Area Experiences With the RB199 in Toronto

The Turbo Union RB 199 engine was developed during the late 1960's / early 1970's to meet a specification requirement aimed at defense of the Western European NATO alliance countries against the (then) perceived threat. During the latter part of the 1980's Tornado aircraft were delivered to the Royal Saudi Air Force and, supplemented by deployed units from the Royal Air Force, were engaged in an operational role during 1990 / 1991. Aircraft operations in the Saudi Arabia climates and natural environment created problems with engine life, hitherto not encountered in the European area of operation, nor during many RAF overseas deployments, including North America. These problems, mainly concerned with turbine blade contamination from airborne sand, were alleviated by the introduction of unique engine maintenance management techniques and eliminated by design changes.