Lightning Imaging Sensor for the International Space Station

A Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) is proposed for flight on the International Space Station (ISS) platform to conduct scientific research support of the Earth Science Enterprise (ESE). The LIS, identical to one being flown on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) optically detects lightning flashes that occur within its field-of-view during both day and night conditions with storm scale resolution and a high, uniform detection efficiency. The ISS, with an orbital inclination of 51.6 deg, will extend the measurements from TRMM into the important mid-latitudinal regions of the Earth. The lightning measurements from LIS support important ESE science objectives including increased knowledge of the amount, distribution, and variability of deep convection and natural sources and sinks of key trace gases (e.g., NOx) on a global scale. A space-qualified LIS instrument built as a spare for the TRMM mission is available for integration onto the external truss of the ISS keeping the overall mission costs low. The LIS, which is divided into a sensor assembly and the electronics unit, weighs approximately 20 kg, consumes less than 25 W of power, and generates a telemetry data rate of only 6 kb/s.