Geopositional Accuracy Assessment of EarthSat Geocover Landsat Orthorectified Imagery

NASA purchased EarthSat GeoCover orthorectified Landsat imagery of global land areas covering three historical frames: (1) mid-1970's imagery from the Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS); (2) late 1980's-early 1990's imagery from the Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM); and (3) year 2000 imagery from the Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+). Because of the distinct time frames covered by these datasets, this imagery is valuable to land cover change research. Because geopositional accuracy plays a critical role in this area of scientific research. NASA performed an independent assessment of the geopositional accuracy of each EarthSat dataset using an independent set of government-provided ground control points (GCPs). These points were instrumental in the geopositional accuracy assessment of the TM imagery. Because of the orthorectification processes of the MSS imagery and the MSS pixel size, the aforementioned GCPs could not be used, and an alternate relative assessment procedure using the previously validated TM imagery as a "truth" dataset was used for the MSS data. Finally, the ETM data specification was defined in both an absolute sense with respect to ground coordinated and relative to the previously validated TM dataset. Therefore, two separate methods were used in validating the ETM-data. Results of the NASA independent assessments showed that the accuracies of the EarthSat GeoCover datasets met the defined specifications or were within the error and limitations of the verification methods employed.