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Safer Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion CellsA number of nonvolatile, low-flammability liquid oligomers and polymers based on aliphatic organic carbonate molecular structures have been found to be suitable to be blended with ethylene carbonate to make electrolytes for lithium-ion electrochemical cells. Heretofore, such electrolytes have often been made by blending ethylene carbonate with volatile, flammable organic carbonates. The present nonvolatile electrolytes have been found to have adequate conductivity (about 2 mS/cm) for lithium ions and to remain liquid at temperatures down to -5 C. At normal charge and discharge rates, lithiumion cells containing these nonvolatile electrolytes but otherwise of standard design have been found to operate at current and energy densities comparable to those of cells now in common use. They do not perform well at high charge and discharge rates -- an effect probably attributable to electrolyte viscosity. Cells containing the nonvolatile electrolytes have also been found to be, variously, nonflammable or at least self-extinguishing. Hence, there appears to be a basis for the development of safer high-performance lithium-ion cells.
Document ID
20110016847
Acquisition Source
Glenn Research Center
Document Type
Other - NASA Tech Brief
Authors
Kejha, Joe
(LithChem International Anaheim, CA, United States)
Smith, Novis
(LithChem International Anaheim, CA, United States)
McCloseky, Joel
(LithChem International Anaheim, CA, United States)
Date Acquired
August 25, 2013
Publication Date
June 1, 2004
Publication Information
Publication: NASA Tech Briefs, June 2004
Subject Category
Inorganic, Organic And Physical Chemistry
Report/Patent Number
LEW-17398
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Public Use Permitted.
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