Global Reference Atmospheric Model (GRAM) Suite Overview and Current Status

• Engineering-oriented atmospheric models that estimate mean values and statistical variations of atmospheric properties for numerous planetary destinations

• Currently available for Earth, Mars, Venus, Titan, Neptune, Uranus, and Jupiter

• Outputs include atmospheric density, temperature, pressure, chemical composition, radiative fluxes (for Mars-GRAM), and wind components along a user-defined path

– Includes seasonal, diurnal, geographic, and altitude variations

• Widely used by the engineering community because of their ability to create realistic atmospheric dispersions

• Can be integrated into high fidelity flight dynamic simulations of launch, entry, descent and landing (EDL), aerobraking and aerocapture

• Optional trajectory input file consisting of time, height, latitude, and longitude can be used to provide the GRAM trajectory path

• Optional auxiliary profile consisting of height, latitude, longitude, temperature, pressure, density, eastward wind, and northward wind may be used to replace model data in the GRAMs

• Not a forecast model