MOA-2020-BLG-135Lb: A New Neptune-class Planet for the Extended MOA-II Exoplanet Microlens Statistical Analysis

We report the light-curve analysis for the event MOA-2020-BLG-135, which leads to the discovery of a new Neptune-class planet, MOA-2020-BLG-135Lb. With a derived mass ratio of q=1.52+0.39-0.31x10-4 and separation s ≈ 1, the planet lies exactly at the break and likely peak of the exoplanet mass-ratio function derived by the Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) Collaboration. We estimate the properties of the lens system based on a Galactic model and considering two different Bayesian priors: one assuming that all stars have an equal planet-hosting probability and the other that planets are more likely to orbit more-massive stars. With a uniform host mass prior, we predict that the lens system is likely to be a planet of mass mplanet= 11.3 +19.2 -6.9M⨁ and a host star of mass Mhost=0.23+0.39-0.14M⨀, located at a distance 𝐃𝐋=7.9+1.0-1.0 kpc. With a prior that holds that planet occurrence scales in proportion to the host-star mass, the estimated lens system properties are mplanet=25+22 -15 M⨁, M Mhost=0.53+0.42 -0,32 M⨀, and DL=8.3+0.9-1.0.This planet qualifies for inclusion in the extended MOA-II exoplanet microlens sample.