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HD 28109 Hosts A Trio of Transiting Neptunian Planets Including A Near-Resonant Pair, Confirmed By ASTEP From AntarcticaWe report on the discovery and characterization of three planets orbiting the F8 star HD 28109, which sits comfortably in TESS ’s continuous viewing zone. The two outer planets have periods of 56 . 0067 ±0 . 0003 d and 84 . 2597 + 0 . 0010 −0 . 0008 d, which implies a period ratio very close to that of the first-order 3:2 mean motion resonance, exciting transit timing variations (TTVs) of up to 60 min. These two planets were first identified by TESS , and we identified a third planet in the TESS photometry with a period of 22 . 8911 ±0 . 0004 d. We confirm the planetary nature of all three planetary candidates using ground-based photometry from Hazelwood , ASTEP , and LCO , including a full detection of the ∼9 h transit of HD 28109 c from Antarctica. The radii of the three planets are R b = 2 . 199 + 0 . 098 −0 . 10 R ⊕, R c = 4 . 23 ±0 . 11 R ⊕, and R d = 3 . 25 ±0 . 11 R ⊕; we characterize their masses using TTVs and precise radial velocities from ESPRESSO and HARPS, and find them to be M b = 18 . 5 + 9 . 1 −7 . 6 M ⊕, M c = 7 . 9 + 4 . 2 −3 . 0 M ⊕, and M d = 5 . 7 + 2 . 7 −2 . 1 M ⊕, making planet b a dense, massive planet while c and d are both underdense. We also demonstrate that the two outer planets are ripe for atmospheric characterization using transmission spectroscopy, especially given their position in the CVZ of James Webb Space Telescope . The data obtained to date are consistent with resonant (librating) and non-resonant (circulating) solutions; additional observations will show whether the pair is actually locked in resonance or just near-resonant.
Document ID
20230004232
Acquisition Source
Goddard Space Flight Center
Document Type
Reprint (Version printed in journal)
Authors
Georgina Dransfield ORCID
(University of Birmingham Birmingham, United Kingdom)
Amaury H M J Triaud ORCID
(University of Birmingham Birmingham, United Kingdom)
Tristan Guillot ORCID
(Université Côte d'Azur Nice, France)
Djamel Mekarnia ORCID
(Université Côte d'Azur Nice, France)
David Nesvorny
(Southwest Research Institute San Antonio, Texas, United States)
Nicolas Crouzet ORCID
(European Space Agency Paris, France)
Lyu Abe ORCID
(Université Côte d'Azur Nice, France)
Karim Agabi
(Université Côte d'Azur)
Marco Buttu
(Osservatorio di Astrofisicae Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna)
Juan Cabrera ORCID
(German Aerospace Center Cologne, Germany)
Davide Gandolfi ORCID
(University of Turin Turin, Piemonte, Italy)
Maximilian Gunther
(European Space Agency Paris, France)
Florian Rodler ORCID
(European Southern Observatory Garching bei München, Germany)
Francois-Xavier Schmider
(Université Côte d'Azur)
Philippe Stee
(Université Côte d'Azur)
Olga Suarez ORCID
(Université Côte d'Azur Nice, France)
Karen A Collins ORCID
(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States)
Martin Devora-Pajares
(University of Granada Granada, Spain)
Steve B Howell
(Ames Research Center Mountain View, California, United States)
Elisabeth C Matthews ORCID
(University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland)
Matthew R Standing ORCID
(University of Birmingham Birmingham, United Kingdom)
Keivan G Stassun ORCID
(Vanderbilt University Nashville, Tennessee, United States)
Chris Stockdale ORCID
(Hazelwood Observatory Churchill, Victoria, Australia)
Samuel N Quinn ORCID
(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States)
Carl Ziegler ORCID
(University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada)
Ian J M Crossfield ORCID
(University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas, United States)
Jack J Lissauer
(Ames Research Center Mountain View, California, United States)
Andrew W Mann ORCID
(University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States)
Rachel Matson ORCID
(United States Naval Observatory Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States)
Joshua Schlieder
(Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland, United States)
George Zhou ORCID
(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States)
Date Acquired
March 30, 2023
Publication Date
July 22, 2022
Publication Information
Publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Volume: 515
Issue: 1
Issue Publication Date: September 1, 2022
ISSN: 0035-8711
e-ISSN: 1365-2966
Subject Category
Astronomy
Funding Number(s)
WBS: 134180
CONTRACT_GRANT: SPEC5732
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Portions of document may include copyright protected material.
Technical Review
External Peer Committee
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