Preliminary Design of the Lunar Data Network Constellation Under Operational Considerations

Intuitive Machines will launch and operate the first United States based Lunar Communication and Positioning, Navigation, and Timing constellation starting in 2026. This paper describes the design considerations for the constellation’s orbits under the performance requirements for coverage and quality of service. The selected five satellite elliptical frozen lunar orbit constellation is presented together with a performance analysis. Additionally, the outbound Ballistic Lunar Transfer trajectory for the constellation’s first satellite will be presented together with a Delta-V budget assessment.