1.
Advanced Environmentally Resistant Lithium Fluoride Mirror Coatings for the Next Generation of Broadband Space Observatories
Document ID: 20180002223
Author: Fleming, Brian; Quijada, Manuel A.; Hennessy, John; Egan, Arika; Del Hoyo, Javier G.
Abstract: Recent advances in the physical vapor deposition (PVD) of protective fluoride films have raised the
far-ultraviolet (FUV: 912-1600 A) reflectivity of aluminum-based mirrors closer to the theoretical limit. The greatest gains, at more than 20%, have come for lithium fluoride-protected aluminum, which has the shortest wavelength cutoff of any conventional overcoat. Despite the success of the NASA FUSE mission, the use of lithium fluoride (LiF)-based optics is rare, as LiF is hygroscopic and requires handling procedures that can drive risk. With NASA now studying two large mission concepts for astronomy, Large UV-Optical-IR Surveyor (LUVOIR) and the Habitable Exoplanet Imaging Mission (HabEx), which mandate throughput down to 1000 , the development of LiF-based coatings becomes crucial. This paper discusses steps that are being taken to qualify these new enhanced LiF-protected aluminum (eLiF) mirror coatings for flight. In addition to quantifying the hygroscopic degradation, we have developed a new method of protecting eLiF with an ultrathin (10-20 A) capping layer of a nonhygroscopic material to increase durability. We report on the performance of eLiF-based optics and assess the steps that need to be taken to qualify such coatings for LUVOIR, HabEx, and other FUV-sensitive space missions.
Publication Year: 2017
Document Type: Journal Article
Report/Patent Number: GSFC-E-DAA-TN54787
Date Acquired: Apr 23, 2018
2.
Quantifying TOLNet Ozone Lidar Accuracy During the 2014 DISCOVER-AQ and FRAPPE Campaigns
Document ID: 20180002227
Author: Wang, Lihua; Newchurch, Michael J.; Alvarez, Raul J., II; Berkoff, Timothy A.; Brown, Steven S.; Carrion, William; De Young, Russell J.; Johnson, Bryan J.; Ganoe, Rene; Gronoff, Guillaume;
Kirgis, Guillaume; Kuang, Shi; Langford, Andrew O.; Leblanc, Thierry; McDuffie, Erin E.; McGee, Thomas J.; Pliutau, Denis; Senff, Christoph J.; Sullivan, John T.; Sumnicht, Grant; Twigg, Laurence W.; Weinheimer, Andrew J.
Abstract: The Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet) is a unique network of lidar systems that measure
high-resolution atmospheric profiles of ozone. The accurate characterization of these lidars is necessary to determine the uniformity of the network calibration. From July to August 2014, three lidars, the TROPospheric OZone (TROPOZ) lidar, the Tunable Optical Profiler for Aerosol and oZone (TOPAZ) lidar, and the Langley Mobile Ozone Lidar (LMOL), of TOLNet participated in the Deriving Information on Surface conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) mission and the Front Range Air Pollution and Photochemistry Experiment (FRAPPA) to measure ozone variations from the boundary layer to the top of the troposphere. This study presents the analysis of the intercomparison between the TROPOZ, TOPAZ, and LMOL lidars, along with comparisons between the lidars and other in situ ozone instruments including ozonesondes and a P-3B airborne chemiluminescence sensor. The TOLNet lidars measured vertical ozone structures with an accuracy generally better than +/-15 % within the troposphere. Larger differences occur at some individual altitudes in both the near-field and far-field range of the lidar systems, largely as expected. In terms of column average, the TOLNet lidars measured ozone with an accuracy better than +/-5 % for both the intercomparison between the lidars and between the lidars and other instruments. These results indicate that these three TOLNet lidars are suitable for use in air quality, satellite validation, and ozone modeling efforts.
Publication Year: 2017
Document Type: Journal Article
Report/Patent Number: GSFC-E-DAA-TN54802
Date Acquired: Apr 23, 2018
3.
Technical Note: Asteroid Detection Demonstration from SkySat-3 - B612 Data Using Synthetic Tracking
Document ID: 20180001999
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Author: Zhai, C.; Shao, M.; Lai, S.; Boerner, P.; Dyer, J.; Lu, E.; Reitsema, H.; Buie, M.
Abstract: We report results from analyzing the data taken by the sCMOS cameras on board of SkySat3 using the
synthetic tracking technique. The analysis demonstrates the expected sensitivity improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio of the faint asteroids from properly stacking up the short exposure images in post-processing.
Publication Year: 2018
Document Type: Technical Report
Report/Patent Number: JPL-Publ-18-1, JPL-CL-18-1342
Date Acquired: Apr 23, 2018
4.
Workshop on Using NASA Data for Time-Sensitive Applications
Document ID: 20180002441
Author: Davies, Diane K.; Brown, Molly E.; Murphy, Kevin J.; Michael, Karen A.; Zavodsky, Bradley T.; Stavros, E. Natasha; Carroll, Mark L.
Abstract: Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the use of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS)
data and imagery for time-sensitive applications such as monitoring wildfires, floods, and extreme weather events. In September 2016, NASA sponsored a workshop for data users, producers, and scientists to discuss the needs of time-sensitive science applications.
Publication Year: 2017
Document Type: Journal Article
Report/Patent Number: GSFC-E-DAA-TN54986
Date Acquired: Apr 20, 2018
5.
Flight Plasma Diagnostics for High-Power, Solar-Electric Deep-Space Spacecraft
Document ID: 20180002198
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Author: Johnson, Lee; De Soria-Santacruz Pich, Maria; Conroy, David; Lobbia, Robert; Huang, Wensheng; Choi, Maria; Sekerak, Michael J.
Abstract: NASA's Asteroid Redirect Robotic Mission (ARRM) project plans included a set of plasma and space
environment instruments, the Plasma Diagnostic Package (PDP), to fulfill ARRM requirements for technology extensibility to future missions. The PDP objectives were divided into the classes of 1) Plasma thruster dynamics, 2) Solar array-specific environmental effects, 3) Plasma environmental spacecraft effects, and 4) Energetic particle spacecraft environment. A reference design approach and interface requirements for ARRM's PDP was generated by the PDP team at JPL and GRC. The reference design consisted of redundant single-string avionics located on the ARRM spacecraft bus as well as solar array, driving and processing signals from multiple copies of several types of plasma, effects, and environments sensors distributed over the spacecraft and array. The reference design sensor types were derived in part from sensors previously developed for USAF Research Laboratory (AFRL) plasma effects campaigns such as those aboard TacSat-2 in 2007 and AEHF-2 in 2012.
Publication Year: 2018
Document Type: Conference Paper
Report/Patent Number: GRC-E-DAA-TN48365
Date Acquired: Apr 09, 2018
6.
STEM Engagement with NASA's Solar System Treks Portals for Lunar and Planetary Mapping and Modeling
Document ID: 20180002098
NTRS Full-Text: Click to View [PDF Size: 226 KB]
Author: Law, E. S.; Day, B. H.
Abstract: This presentation will provide an overview of the uses and capabilities of NASA's Solar System Treks
family of online mapping and modeling portals. While also designed to support mission planning and scientific research, this presentation will focus on the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) engagement and public outreach capabilities of these web based suites of data visualization and analysis tools.
Publication Year: 2018
Document Type: Conference Paper
Report/Patent Number: ARC-E-DAA-TN52941
Date Acquired: Apr 06, 2018
7.
Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) Parts Risk and Reliability User and Application Guide
Document ID: 20180002096
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Author: White, Mark
Abstract: All COTS parts are not created equal. Because they are not created equal, the notion that one can
force the commercial industry to follow a set of military specifications and standards, along with the certifications, audits and qualification commitments that go with them, is unrealistic for the sale of a few parts. The part technologies that are Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) certified or Military Specification (MS) qualified, are several generations behind the state-of-the-art high-performance parts that are required for the compact, higher performing systems for the next generation of spacecraft and instruments. The majority of the part suppliers are focused on the portion of the market that is producing high-tech commercial products and systems. To that end, in order to compete in the high performance and leading edge advanced technological systems, an alternative approach to risk assessment and reliability prediction must be considered.
Publication Year: 2017
Document Type: Technical Report
Report/Patent Number: JPL-PUBL-17-5, JPL-CL-18-0312
Date Acquired: Apr 06, 2018
8.
Field Exploration and Life Detection Sampling for Planetary Analogue Research (FELDSPAR): Variability and Correlation in Biomarker and Mineralogy Measurements from Icelandic Mars Analogues
Document ID: 20180002121
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Author: Gentry, D.; Amador, E.; Cable, M. L.; Cantrell, T.; Chaudry, N.; Cullen, T.; Duca, Z.; Jacobsen, M.; Kirby, J.; McCaig, H.;
Murukesan, G.; Rader, E.; Rennie, V.; Schwieterman, E.; Stevens, A. H.; Sutton, S.; Tan, G.; Yin, C.; Cullen, D.; Geppert, W.; Stockton, A.
Abstract: In situ exploration of planetary environments allows biochemical analysis of sub-centimeter-scale
samples; however, landing sites are selected a priori based on measurable meter- to kilometer-scale geological features. Optimizing life detection mission science return requires both understanding the expected biomarker distributions across sample sites at different scales and efficiently using first-stage in situ geochemical instruments to justify later-stage biological or chemical analysis. Icelandic volcanic regions have an extensive history as Mars analogue sites due to desiccation, low nutrient availability, and temperature extremes, in addition to the advantages of geological youth and isolation from anthropogenic contamination. Many Icelandic analogue sites are also rugged and remote enough to create the same type of instrumentation and sampling constraints typically faced by robotic exploration.
Publication Year: 2018
Document Type: Conference Paper
Report/Patent Number: ARC-E-DAA-TN52770
Date Acquired: Apr 04, 2018
9.
The Impact of Prior Biosphere Models in the Inversion of Global Terrestrial CO2 Fluxes by Assimilating OCO-2 Retrievals
Document ID: 20180002067
NTRS Full-Text: Click to View [PDF Size: 155 KB]
Author: Philip, Sajeev; Johnson, Matthew S.
Abstract: Atmospheric mixing ratios of carbon dioxide (CO2) are largely controlled by anthropogenic emissions
and biospheric fluxes. The processes controlling terrestrial biosphere-atmosphere carbon exchange are currently not fully understood, resulting in terrestrial biospheric models having significant differences in the quantification of biospheric CO2 fluxes. Atmospheric transport models assimilating measured (in situ or space-borne) CO2 concentrations to estimate "top-down" fluxes, generally use these biospheric CO2 fluxes as a priori information. Most of the flux inversion estimates result in substantially different spatio-temporal posteriori estimates of regional and global biospheric CO2 fluxes. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) satellite mission dedicated to accurately measure column CO2 (XCO2) allows for an improved understanding of global biospheric CO2 fluxes. OCO-2 provides much-needed CO2 observations in data-limited regions facilitating better global and regional estimates of "top-down" CO2 fluxes through inversion model simulations. The specific objectives of our research are to: 1) conduct GEOS-Chem 4D-Var assimilation of OCO-2 observations, using several state-of-the-science biospheric CO2 flux models as a priori information, to better constrain terrestrial CO2 fluxes, and 2) quantify the impact of different biospheric model prior fluxes on OCO-2-assimilated a posteriori CO2 flux estimates. Here we present our assessment of the importance of these a priori fluxes by conducting Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSE) using simulated OCO-2 observations with known "true" fluxes.
Publication Year: 2018
Document Type: Conference Paper
Report/Patent Number: ARC-E-DAA-TN53206
Date Acquired: Mar 30, 2018
10.
GPI Spectra of HR8799 C, D, and E in H-K Bands with KLIP Forward Modeling
Document ID: 20180001226
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Author: Greenbaum, Alexandra Z.; Pueyo, Laurent; Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste; Wang, Jason J.; De Rosa, Robert J.; Aguilar, Jonathan; Rameau, Julien; Barman, Travis; Marois, Christian; Marley, Mark S.;
Konopacky, Quinn; Rajan, Abhijith; Macintosh, Bruce; Bailey, Vanessa P.; Bauman, Brian; Bulger, Joanna; Burrows, Adam S.; Cardwell, Andrew; Chilcote, Jeffrey; Cotten, Tara; Dillon, Daren; Doyon, Rene; Duchene, Gaspard; Dunn, Jennifer; Erikson, Darren; Fitzgerald, Michael P.; Follette, Katherine B.; Gavel, Donald; Goodsell, Stephen J.; Graham, James R.; Hartung, Markus; Hibon, Pascale; Hung, Li-Wei; Ingraham, Patrick; Kalas, Paul; Larkin, James E.; Maire, Jerome; Marchis, Franck; McBride, James; Metchev, Stanimir; Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.; Morzinski, Katie M.; Nielsen, Eric L.; Norton, Andrew; Oppenheimer, Rebecca; Palmer, David; Patience, Jennifer; Perrin, Marshall; Poyneer, Lisa; Rantakyro, Fredrik T.; Sadakuni, Naru; Saddlemyer, Leslie; Savransky, Dmitry; Schneider, Adam C.; Serio, Andrew; Sivaramakrishnan, Anand; Song, Inseok; Soummer, Remi; Thomas, Sandrine; Wallace, J. Kent; Ward-Duong, Kimberly; Wiktorowicz, Sloane; Wolff, Schuyler
Abstract: We demonstrate KLIP forward modeling spectral extraction on Gemini Planet Imager coronagraphic data
of HR8799, using PyKLIP. We report new and re-reduced spectrophotometry of HR8799 c, d, and e from H-K bands. We discuss a strategy for choosing optimal KLIP PSF subtraction parameters by injecting fake sources and recovering them over a range of parameters. The K1/K2 spectra for planets c and d are similar to previously published results from the same dataset. We also present a K band spectrum of HR8799e for the first time and show that our H-band spectra agree well with previously published spectra from the VLT/SPHERE instrument. We compare planets c, d, and e with M, L, and T-type field objects. All objects are consistent with low gravity mid-to-late L dwarfs, however, a lack of standard spectra for low gravity late L-type objects lead to poor fit for gravity. We place our results in context of atmospheric models presented in previous publications and discuss differences in the spectra of the three planets.
Publication Year: 2018
Document Type: Preprint
Report/Patent Number: ARC-E-DAA-TN52375
Date Acquired: Mar 21, 2018