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Ice banding as a response of the coupled ice-ocean system to temporally varying windsThis study models formation of ice bands in the marginal ice zones. A one-dimensional coupled ice-ocean model is used in which the ice model is coupled to a reduced gravity ocean model through interfacial stresses. The internal ice stresses are important only at high ice concentrations (90-100 percent); otherwise, the main balance for the ice motion is between the air-ice stress and the ice-water stress, i.e., free drift. The drag coefficients were chosen so that the air-ice momentum flux is 3 times greater than the air-ocean momentum flux. Thus the Ekman transport is larger under the ice than in the open water, so that winds parallel to the ice edge, with the ice on the right, produce upwelling. The upwelling simulation was extended to include temporally varying forcing, which was chosen to vary sinusoidally with a 4-day period. This forcing resembles successive cyclone passings perpendicular to the ice edge. When the oceanic upper layer was thin, which means that the dynamics are strongly nonlinear, the ice bands were formed. The up/downwelling signals do not disappear in wind reversals because of nonlinear advection. This leads to convergences and divergences in oceanic and ice velocities that manifest themselves as ice banding. At least one wind reversal is needed to produce one ice band.
Document ID
19860050808
Acquisition Source
Legacy CDMS
Document Type
Reprint (Version printed in journal)
Authors
Hakkinen, S.
(NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD; Florida State University, Tallahassee, United States)
Date Acquired
August 12, 2013
Publication Date
April 15, 1986
Publication Information
Publication: Journal of Geophysical Research
Volume: 91
ISSN: 0148-0227
Subject Category
Oceanography
Report/Patent Number
AD-A173469
Accession Number
86A35546
Funding Number(s)
CONTRACT_GRANT: NAG5-219
CONTRACT_GRANT: N00014-82-C-0404
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Other

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