Recursive inverse kinematics for robot arms via Kalman filtering and Bryson-Frazier smoothingThis paper applies linear filtering and smoothing theory to solve recursively the inverse kinematics problem for serial multilink manipulators. This problem is to find a set of joint angles that achieve a prescribed tip position and/or orientation. A widely applicable numerical search solution is presented. The approach finds the minimum of a generalized distance between the desired and the actual manipulator tip position and/or orientation. Both a first-order steepest-descent gradient search and a second-order Newton-Raphson search are developed. The optimal relaxation factor required for the steepest descent method is computed recursively using an outward/inward procedure similar to those used typically for recursive inverse dynamics calculations. The second-order search requires evaluation of a gradient and an approximate Hessian. A Gauss-Markov approach is used to approximate the Hessian matrix in terms of products of first-order derivatives. This matrix is inverted recursively using a two-stage process of inward Kalman filtering followed by outward smoothing. This two-stage process is analogous to that recently developed by the author to solve by means of spatial filtering and smoothing the forward dynamics problem for serial manipulators.
Document ID
19870063149
Acquisition Source
Legacy CDMS
Document Type
Conference Paper
Authors
Rodriguez, G. (Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech. Pasadena, CA, United States)
Scheid, R. E., Jr. (California Institute of Technology Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, United States)