The solar wind interaction with unmagnetized planets - A tutorial

The interaction of the solar wind with the Venus ionosphere induces currents which can substantially exclude the solar wind and IMF from the dayside ionosphere beneath the 'ionopause', where ionosphere thermal pressure equals incident solar wind dynamic pressure. The field then diffuses through the ionopause with increasing speed at decreasing altitudes, and is weakest in the subpolar region. Once within the ionopause, the magnetic field is redistributed by ionospheric convection, and then decays at low altitudes via collisional dissipation of the associated currents. The maximum ionospheric field magnitudes observed, of about 150 nT, furnish magnetic pressures exceeding the ionospheric thermal pressure by a factor of about 3.