Navigation for the new millennium: Autonomous navigation for Deep Space 1

The autonomous optical navigation system technology for the Deep Space 1 (DS1) mission is reported on. The DS1 navigation system will be the first to use autonomous navigation in deep space. The systems tasks are to: perform interplanetary cruise orbit determination using images of distant asteroids; control and maintain the orbit of the spacecraft with an ion propulsion system and conventional thrusters, and perform late knowledge updates of target position during close flybys in order to facilitate high quality data return from asteroid MaAuliffe and comet West-Kohoutek-Ikemura. To accomplish these tasks, the following functions are required: picture planning; image processing; dynamical modeling and integration; planetary ephemeris and star catalog handling; orbit determination; data filtering and estimation; maneuver estimation, and spacecraft ephemeris updating. These systems and functions are described and preliminary performance data are presented.