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A Task-Analytic Approach to the Determination of Training Requirements for the Precision DescentA task-analytic approach was used to evaluate the results from an experiment comparing two training methods for the "Precision Descent," a cockpit procedure designed to complement a new, computer-based air traffic control advisory system by allowing air traffic controllers to assign precise descent trajectories to aircraft. A task model was developed for the procedure using a methodology that represents four different categories of task-related knowledge: (1) ability to determine current flight goals; (2) ability to assess the current flight situation relative to those goals; (3) operational knowledge about flight-related tasks; and (4) knowledge about task selection. This model showed what knowledge experienced pilots already possessed, and how that knowledge was supplemented by training material provided in the two training conditions. All flight crews were given a "Precision Descent Chart" that explained the procedure's clearances and compliance requirements. This information enabled pilots to establish appropriate flight goals for the descent, and to monitor their compliance with those goals. In addition to this chart, half of the crews received a "Precision Descent Bulletin" containing technique recommendations for performing procedure-related tasks. The Bulletin's recommendations supported pilots in task selection and helped clarify the procedure's compliance requirements. Eight type-rated flight crews flew eight Precision Descents in a Boeing 747-400 simulator, with four crews in each of the two training conditions. Both conditions (Chart and Chart-with-Bulletin) relied exclusively on the use of those documents to introduce the procedure. No performance feedback was provided during the experiment. Preliminary result show better procedure compliance and higher acceptability ratings from flight crews in the Chart-with-Bulletin condition. These crews performed flight-related tasks less efficiently, however, using the simpler but less efficient methods suggested in the Bulletin. When a more efficient method was recognized, these crews tended to use the more efficient method in addition to the Bulletin's recommendation, instead of replacing it.
Document ID
20020040850
Acquisition Source
Ames Research Center
Document Type
Conference Paper
Authors
Smith, Nancy
(San Jose State Univ. Moffett Field, CA United States)
Rosekind, Mark
Date Acquired
August 20, 2013
Publication Date
January 1, 1996
Subject Category
Air Transportation And Safety
Meeting Information
Meeting: 9th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology
Location: Columbus, OH
Country: United States
Start Date: April 27, 1997
End Date: May 1, 1997
Funding Number(s)
CONTRACT_GRANT: NCC2-232
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Work of the US Gov. Public Use Permitted.

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