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Defining the cortical visual systems: "what", "where", and "how"The visual system historically has been defined as consisting of at least two broad subsystems subserving object and spatial vision. These visual processing streams have been organized both structurally as two distinct pathways in the brain, and functionally for the types of tasks that they mediate. The classic definition by Ungerleider and Mishkin labeled a ventral "what" stream to process object information and a dorsal "where" stream to process spatial information. More recently, Goodale and Milner redefined the two visual systems with a focus on the different ways in which visual information is transformed for different goals. They relabeled the dorsal stream as a "how" system for transforming visual information using an egocentric frame of reference in preparation for direct action. This paper reviews recent research from psychophysics, neurophysiology, neuropsychology and neuroimaging to define the roles of the ventral and dorsal visual processing streams. We discuss a possible solution that allows for both "where" and "how" systems that are functionally and structurally organized within the posterior parietal lobe.
Document ID
20040112424
Acquisition Source
Ames Research Center
Document Type
Reprint (Version printed in journal)
Authors
Creem, S. H.
(University of Utah 380 S. 1530 E., Rm 502, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0251, United States)
Proffitt, D. R.
Kaiser, M. K.
Date Acquired
August 21, 2013
Publication Date
April 1, 2001
Publication Information
Publication: Acta psychologica
Volume: 107
Issue: 3-Jan
ISSN: 0001-6918
Subject Category
Life Sciences (General)
Funding Number(s)
CONTRACT_GRANT: MH52640
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Other
Keywords
NASA Discipline Space Human Factors
NASA Center ARC

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