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Adaptive plasticity in vestibular influences on cardiovascular controlData collected in both human subjects and animal models indicate that the vestibular system influences the control of blood pressure. In animals, peripheral vestibular lesions diminish the capacity to rapidly and accurately make cardiovascular adjustments to changes in posture. Thus, one role of vestibulo-cardiovascular influences is to elicit changes in blood distribution in the body so that stable blood pressure is maintained during movement. However, deficits in correcting blood pressure following vestibular lesions diminish over time, and are less severe when non-labyrinthine sensory cues regarding body position in space are provided. These observations show that pathways that mediate vestibulo-sympathetic reflexes can be subject to plastic changes. This review considers the adaptive plasticity in cardiovascular responses elicited by the central vestibular system. Recent data indicate that the posterior cerebellar vermis may play an important role in adaptation of these responses, such that ablation of the posterior vermis impairs recovery of orthostatic tolerance following subsequent vestibular lesions. Furthermore, recent experiments suggest that non-labyrinthine inputs to the central vestibular system may be important in controlling blood pressure during movement, particularly following vestibular dysfunction. A number of sensory inputs appear to be integrated to produce cardiovascular adjustments during changes in posture. Although loss of any one of these inputs does not induce lability in blood pressure, it is likely that maximal blood pressure stability is achieved by the integration of a variety of sensory cues signaling body position in space.
Document ID
20040112720
Acquisition Source
Legacy CDMS
Document Type
Reprint (Version printed in journal)
Authors
Yates, B. J.
(University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States)
Holmes, M. J.
Jian, B. J.
Date Acquired
August 21, 2013
Publication Date
September 1, 2000
Publication Information
Publication: Brain research bulletin
Volume: 53
Issue: 1
ISSN: 0361-9230
Subject Category
Life Sciences (General)
Funding Number(s)
CONTRACT_GRANT: R01 DC03732
CONTRACT_GRANT: P01 DC03417
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Other
Keywords
Non-NASA Center
NASA Discipline Neuroscience
Review
Review, Tutorial

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