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Vision Based Localization in Urban EnvironmentsAs part of DARPA's MARS2020 program, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory developed a vision-based system for localization in urban environments that requires neither GPS nor active sensors. System hardware consists of a pair of small FireWire cameras and a standard Pentium-based computer. The inputs to the software system consist of: 1) a crude grid-based map describing the positions of buildings, 2) an initial estimate of robot location and 3) the video streams produced by each camera. At each step during the traverse the system: captures new image data, finds image features hypothesized to lie on the outside of a building, computes the range to those features, determines an estimate of the robot's motion since the previous step and combines that data with the map to update a probabilistic representation of the robot's location. This probabilistic representation allows the system to simultaneously represent multiple possible locations, For our testing, we have derived the a priori map manually using non-orthorectified overhead imagery, although this process could be automated. The software system consists of two primary components. The first is the vision system which uses binocular stereo ranging together with a set of heuristics to identify features likely to be part of building exteriors and to compute an estimate of the robot's motion since the previous step. The resulting visual features and the associated range measurements are software component, a particle-filter based localization system. This system uses the map and the then fed to the second primary most recent results from the vision system to update the estimate of the robot's location. This report summarizes the design of both the hardware and software and will include the results of applying the system to the global localization of a robot over an approximately half-kilometer traverse across JPL'S Pasadena campus.
Document ID
20060050164
Acquisition Source
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Document Type
Preprint (Draft being sent to journal)
External Source(s)
Authors
McHenry, Michael
(Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech. Pasadena, CA, United States)
Cheng, Yang
(Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech. Pasadena, CA, United States)
Matthies, Larry
(Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech. Pasadena, CA, United States)
Date Acquired
August 23, 2013
Publication Date
January 1, 2005
Subject Category
Instrumentation And Photography
Meeting Information
Meeting: SPIE Defense and Security Symposium
Location: Orlando, FL
Country: United States
Start Date: March 28, 2005
End Date: March 31, 2005
Sponsors: International Society for Optical Engineering
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Other
Keywords
unmanned-ground vehicles
localization
vision
urban
robotics

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