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Utility of DF-1 for Radioprotection in LymphocytesThe development of degenerative changes in the vasculature, such as atherosclerosis, is a known consequence of exposure to ionizing radiation, and is thus a concern for astronaut health following long duration space flight. Cellular damage caused by radiation is due to free radical generation and DNA damage. The goal of this project was to assess the ability of a C60-derivative, DF-1, to mitigate cellular damage resulting from radiation exposure in primary human lymphocytes. DF-1 is a water-soluble C60 fullerene encapsulated in dendrimeric functional groups that is proposed to exhibit antioxidant properties. Human lymphocytes are radiosensitive and travel throughout the body potentially causing bystander effects in any tissues they contact. These cells were subjected to varying doses of gamma radiation in the presence or absence of DF-1. Cells were collected at 48 hours post-irradiation for chromosomal aberration studies and at 72 hours post-irradiation for micronuclei studies. These studies showed that the irradiated cells contained more chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei than the control cells. Addition of the DF-1 reduced the amount of observed DNA damage in the irradiated cells. Growth curves were measured for the lymphocytes exposed to 0 and 4 Gray gamma irradiations, and we observed less growth in the cells irradiated at 4 Gy. 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate was used to detect reactive oxygen species production, and increased production of ROS was observed in the irradiated lymphocytes. Human lymphocytes were subjected to varying doses of gamma or photon radiation in the presence and absence of DF-1 and a known radioprotectant, amifostine. After irradiation, the production of reactive oxygen species, growth curves and cell viability were measured. These cells were also collected to quantify chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei formation. We predict that irradiated cells will show the most damage and that DF-1 will provide protective effects similar to those of amifostine, an established radioprotectant.
Document ID
20070029994
Acquisition Source
Johnson Space Center
Document Type
Conference Paper
Authors
Reynolds, Julia
(NASA Johnson Space Center Houston, TX, United States)
Casey, Rachael
(NASA Johnson Space Center Houston, TX, United States)
Wu, Honglu
(NASA Johnson Space Center Houston, TX, United States)
Huff, Janice
(Universities Space Research Association Houston, TX, United States)
Emami, Kamal
(Wyle Labs., Inc. Houston, TX, United States)
Moore, Valerie
(Texas Univ. Health Science Center San Antonio, TX, United States)
Jeevarajan, Antony
(NASA Johnson Space Center Houston, TX, United States)
Date Acquired
August 23, 2013
Publication Date
July 24, 2007
Subject Category
Aerospace Medicine
Meeting Information
Meeting: USRA CASS
Location: Houston, TX
Country: United States
Start Date: July 24, 2007
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Other

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