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The Structure of Pre-Transitional Protoplanetary Disks. II Azimuthal Asymmetries, Different Radial Distributions of Large and Small Dust Grains in PDS 70The formation scenario of a gapped disk, i.e., transitional disk, and its asymmetry is still under debate. Proposed scenarios such as disk-planet interaction, photoevaporation, grain growth, anticyclonic vortex, eccentricity, and their combinations would result in different radial distributions of the gas and the small (sub-micron size) and large (millimeter size) dust grains as well as asymmetric structures in a disk. Optical/near-infrared (NIR) imaging observations and (sub-)millimeter interferometry can trace small and large dust grains, respectively; therefore multi-wavelength observations could help elucidate the origin of complicated structures of a disk. Here we report Submillimeter Array observations of the dust continuum at 1.3 mm and CO-12 J = 2 yields 1 line emission of the pre-transitional protoplanetary disk around the solar-mass star PDS 70. PDS 70, a weak-lined T Tauri star, exhibits a gap in the scattered light from its disk with a radius of approx. 65 AU at NIR wavelengths. However, we found a larger gap in the disk with a radius of approx. 80 AU at 1.3 mm. Emission from all three disk components (the gas and the small and large dust grains) in images exhibits a deficit in brightness in the central region of the disk, in particular, the dust disk in small and large dust grains has asymmetric brightness. The contrast ratio of the flux density in the dust continuum between the peak position to the opposite side of the disk reaches 1.4. We suggest the asymmetries and different gap radii of the disk around PDS 70 are potentially formed by several (unseen) accreting planets inducing dust filtration.
Document ID
20160007565
Acquisition Source
Goddard Space Flight Center
Document Type
Reprint (Version printed in journal)
Authors
Hashimoto, J.
(Oklahoma Univ. Norman, OK, United States)
Tsukagoshi, T.
(Ibaraki Univ. Mito, Japan)
Brown, J. M.
(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Cambridge, MA, United States)
Dong, R.
(California Univ. Berkeley, CA, United States)
Muto, T.
(Kogakuin Univ. Tokyo, Japan)
Zhu, Z.
(Princeton Univ. Princeton, NJ, United States)
Wisniewski, J.
(Oklahoma Univ. Norman, OK, United States)
Ohashi, N.
(Subaru Telescope Hilo, HI, United States)
Kudo, T.
(Subaru Telescope Hilo, HI, United States)
Kusakabe, N.
(National Astronomical Observatory Tokyo, Japan)
Abe, L.
(Universite de Nice-Sophia Antipolis Valbonne, France)
Akiyama, E.
(National Astronomical Observatory Tokyo, Japan)
Brandner, W.
(Max-Planck-Inst. fuer Astronomie Heidelberg, Germany)
Brandt, T.
(Institute for Advanced Study Princeton, NJ, United States)
Carson J.
(Max-Planck-Inst. fuer Astronomie Heidelberg, Germany)
Currie, T.
(Toronto Univ. Ontario, Canada)
Egner, S.
(Subaru Telescope Hilo, HI, United States)
Feldt, M.
(Max-Planck-Inst. fuer Astronomie Heidelberg, Germany)
Grady, Carol A.
(Eureka Scientific, Inc. Oakland, CA, United States)
Guyon, O.
(Subaru Telescope Hilo, HI, United States)
Hayano, Y.
(Subaru Telescope Hilo, HI, United States)
Hayashi, M.
(National Astronomical Observatory Tokyo, Japan)
Hayashi, S.
(Subaru Telescope Hilo, HI, United States)
Henning, T.
(Max-Planck-Inst. fuer Astronomie Heidelberg, Germany)
Hodapp, K.
(Hawaii Univ. Hilo, HI, United States)
Ishii, M.
(National Astronomical Observatory Tokyo, Japan)
Iye, M.
(National Astronomical Observatory Tokyo, Japan)
Janson, M.
(Max-Planck-Inst. fuer Astronomie Heidelberg, Germany)
Kandori, R.
(National Astronomical Observatory Tokyo, Japan)
Knapp, G.
(Princeton Univ. Princeton, NJ, United States)
Kuzuhara, M.
(Tokyo Inst. of Tech. Tokyo, Japan)
Kwon, J.
(Tokyo Univ. Japan)
Matsuo, T.
(Tokyo Univ. Japan)
McElwain, M. W.
(NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD, United States)
Mayama, S.
(Graduate Univ. for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) Tachikawa, Japan)
Date Acquired
June 15, 2016
Publication Date
January 14, 2015
Publication Information
Publication: The Astrophysical Journal
Publisher: The American Astronomical Society
Volume: 799
Issue: 1
e-ISSN: 2041-8213
Subject Category
Astrophysics
Report/Patent Number
GSFC-E-DAA-TN32900
Funding Number(s)
CONTRACT_GRANT: NNG16PX39P
CONTRACT_GRANT: JSPS No. 25-8826
CONTRACT_GRANT: NSF 1009314
CONTRACT_GRANT: NSF 1009203
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Other
Keywords
Submillimeter Array observations
disk planet interaction
Optical near-infrared (NIR)

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