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A Review and Comparison of Mouse and Rat Responses to Micro Gravity, Hyper Gravity and Simulated Models of Partial Gravity; Species Differences, Gaps in the Available Data, and Consideration of the Advantages and Caveats of Each Model for SpaceflightLaboratory strains of mice and rat are widely used to study mammalian responses to stimulus, and both have been studied under a variety of gravity conditions, including space flight. We compared results obtained from exposure to spaceflight and microgravity, hyper gravity via centrifugation, earth gravity, and models of simulated partial gravity (hind-limb unloading and partial weight bearing treatments). We examined the reported changes in survival, body mass, circadian rhythm (body temperature and activity levels), behavior, bone, muscle, immune, cardio-vasculature, vestibular, reproduction and neonate survival, microbiome, and the visual system. Not all categories have published data for both species, some have limited data, and there are variations in experiment design that allow for only relative comparisons to be considered. The data reveal species differences in both the level of gravity required to obtain a response, degree of response, and in temporal expression of responses. Examination of the data across the gravity levels allows consideration of the hypothesis that gravitational responses follow a continuum, and organ specific differences are noted. In summary, we present advantages and caveats of each model system as pertains to gravitational biology research and identify gaps in our knowledge of how these mammals respond to gravity.
Document ID
20180002559
Acquisition Source
Ames Research Center
Document Type
Conference Paper
Authors
Donovan, F. M.
(NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field, CA, United States)
Gresser, A. L.
(Wyle Labs., Inc. Moffett Field, CA, United States)
Sato, Kevin Y.
(NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field, CA, United States)
Taylor, Elizabeth M.
(NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field, CA, United States)
Date Acquired
April 27, 2018
Publication Date
January 22, 2018
Subject Category
Life Sciences (General)
Report/Patent Number
ARC-E-DAA-TN52012
Meeting Information
Meeting: 2018 NASA Human Research Program Investigators'' Workshop (HRP IWS)
Location: Galveston, TX
Country: United States
Start Date: January 22, 2018
End Date: January 25, 2018
Sponsors: NASA Headquarters
Funding Number(s)
CONTRACT_GRANT: NNA14AB82C
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Public Use Permitted.
Keywords
mouse rat gravity
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