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Soluble Organic Molecules in Samples of the Carbonaceous Asteroid (162173) RyuguThe Hayabusa2 spacecraft collected samples from the surface of the carbonaceous near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu, and brought them to Earth. The samples were expected to contain organic molecules, which record processes that occurred in the early Solar System. We analyzed organic molecules extracted from the Ryugu surface samples. We identify a variety of molecules containing the atoms CHNOS, formed by methylation, hydration, hydroxylation, and sulfurization reactions. Amino acids, aliphatic amines, carboxylic acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and nitrogen-heterocyclic compounds were detected, with properties consistent with an abiotic origin. These compounds likely arose from aqueous reaction on Ryugu’s parent body and are similar to organics in Ivuna-type meteorites. These molecules can survive on the surfaces of asteroids and be transported throughout the Solar System.
Document ID
20230002235
Acquisition Source
Goddard Space Flight Center
Document Type
Accepted Manuscript (Version with final changes)
External Source(s)
https://data.darts.isas.jaxa.jp/pub/hayabusa2/paper/sample/Naraoka_2022/
https://pds-smallbodies.astro.umd.edu/data_sb/missions/hayabusa2/
https://darts.isas.jaxa.jp/curation/hayabusa2/
Authors
Hiroshi Naraoka ORCID(Kyushu University Fukuoka, Japan)
Yoshinori Takano ORCID(Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka, Japan)
Jason P Dworkin ORCID(Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland, United States)
Yasuhiro Oba ORCID(Hokkaido University Sapporo, Hokkaidô, Japan)
Kenji Hamase (Kyushu University Fukuoka, Japan)
Aogu Furusho (Kyushu University Fukuoka, Japan)
Nanako O Ogawa (Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka, Japan)
Minako Hashiguchi (Nagoya University Nagoya, Japan)
Kazuhiko Fukushima (Nagoya University Nagoya, Japan)
Dan Aoki (Nagoya University Nagoya, Japan)
Philippe Schmitt Kopplin (Helmholtz Munich Neuherberg, Germany)
José C Aponte ORCID(Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland, United States)
Eric T Parker ORCID(Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland, United States)
Daniel P Glavin ORCID(Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland, United States)
Hannah L McLain (Catholic University of America Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States)
Jamie E Elsila ORCID(Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland, United States)
Heather V Graham (Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland, United States)
John M Eiler (California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California, United States)
Francois-Regis Orthous-Daunay (Grenoble Alpes University Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France)
Cedric Wolters (Grenoble Alpes University Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France)
Junko Isa (Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo, Tôkyô, Japan)
Véronique Vuitton (Grenoble Alpes University Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France)
Roland Thissen (University of Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette, France)
Saburo Sakai ORCID(Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka, Japan)
Toshihiro Yoshimura (Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka, Japan)
Toshiki Koga ORCID(Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka, Japan)
Naohiko Ohkouchi (Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka, Japan)
Yoshito Chikaraishi (Hokkaido University Sapporo, Hokkaidô, Japan)
Haruna Sugahara (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Hajime Mita (Fukuoka Institute of Technology Fukuoka, Japan)
Yoshihiro Furukawa ORCID(Tohoku University Sendai, Japan)
Norbert Hertkorn (Helmholtz Munich Neuherberg, Germany)
Alexander Ruf ORCID(Aix-Marseille University Marseille, France)
Hisayoshi Yurimoto (Hokkaido University Sapporo, Hokkaidô, Japan)
Tomoki Nakamura (Tohoku University Sendai, Japan)
Takaaki Noguchi (Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan)
Ryuji Okazaki (Kyushu University Fukuoka, Japan)
Hikaru Yabuta (Hiroshima University Hiroshima, Japan)
Kanako Sakamoto (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Shogo Tachibana ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Harold C Connolly, Jr (Rowan University Glassboro, New Jersey, United States)
Dante S Lauretta ORCID(University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona, United States)
Masanao Abe (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Toru Yada (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Masahiro Nishimura (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Kasumi Yogata (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Aiko Nakato (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Miwa Yoshitake (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Ayako Suzuki (Marine Works Japan Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan)
Akiko Miyazaki ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Shizuho Furuya (University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan)
Kentaro Hatakeda (Marine Works Japan Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan)
Hiromichi Soejima (Marine Works Japan Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan)
Yuya Hitomi (Marine Works Japan Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan)
Kazuya Kumagai (Marine Works Japan Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan)
Tomohiro Usui (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Tasuku Hayashi (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Daiki Yamamoto (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Ryota Fukai ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Kohei Kitazato (University of Aizu Fukushima, Japan)
Seiji Sugita ORCID(Chiba Institute of Technology Narashino, Japan)
Noriyuki Namiki ORCID(The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI Hayama, Japan)
Masahiko Arakawa ORCID(Kobe University Kobe, Japan)
Hitoshi Ikeda (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Masateru Ishiguro ORCID(Seoul National University Seoul, South Korea)
Naru Hirata ORCID(Marine Works Japan Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan)
Koji Wada (Chiba Institute of Technology Narashino, Japan)
Yoshiaki Ishihara ORCID(Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Tokyo, Japan)
Rina Noguchi (Niigata University Niigata, Japan)
Tomokatsu Morota ORCID(University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan)
Naoya Sakatani ORCID(Rikkyo University Tokyo, Japan)
Koji Matsumoto (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI Hayama, Japan)
Hiroki Senshu (Chiba Institute of Technology Narashino, Japan)
Rie Honda (Rikkyo University Tokyo, Japan)
Eri Tatsumi ORCID(Ehime University Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan)
Yasuhiro Yokota (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Chikatoshi Honda (University of Aizu Fukushima, Japan)
Tatsuhiro Michikami (University of La Laguna San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain)
Moe Matsuoka ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Akira Miura (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Hirotomo Noda (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI Hayama, Japan)
Tetsuya Yamada (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Keisuke Yoshihara (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Kosuke Kawahara (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Masanobu Ozaki ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Yu-ichi Iijima (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Hajime Yano ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Masahiko Hayakawa (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Takahiro Iwata ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Ryudo Tsukizaki ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Hirotaka Sawada (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Satoshi Hosoda ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Kazunori Ogawa ORCID(Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Tokyo, Japan)
Chisato Okamoto (Kobe University Kobe, Japan)
Naoyuki Hirata (National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Mitaka-shi, Japan)
Kei Shirai (National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Mitaka-shi, Japan)
Yuri Shimaki ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Manabu Yamada (Chiba Institute of Technology Narashino, Japan)
Tatsuaki Okada ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Yukio Yamamoto ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Hiroshi Takeuchi (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Atsushi Fujii ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Yuto Takei ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Kento Yoshikawa (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Tokyo, Japan)
Yuya Mimasu (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Go Ono (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Tokyo, Japan)
Naoko Ogawa ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Shota Kikuchi (Chiba Institute of Technology Narashino, Japan)
Satoru Nakazawa ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Fuyuto Terui (Kanagawa Institute of Technology Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan)
Satoshi Tanaka ORCID(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Takanao Saiki (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Makoto Yoshikawa (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Sei-ichiro Watanabe ORCID(Nagoya University Nagoya, Japan)
Yuichi Tsuda (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Tokyo, Japan)
Date Acquired
February 16, 2023
Publication Date
February 24, 2023
Publication Information
Publication: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Volume: 379
Issue: 6634
Issue Publication Date: February 24, 2023
ISSN: 0036-8075
e-ISSN: 1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.abn9033
Subject Category
Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
Funding Number(s)
WBS: 811073.02.17.01.65
CONTRACT_GRANT: 80GSFC21M0002
CONTRACT_GRANT: NNM10AA11C
CONTRACT_GRANT: NSF 18-EW18 2-0084
CONTRACT_GRANT: JP20H00202
CONTRACT_GRANT: JP20H05846
CONTRACT_GRANT: JP20K20485
CONTRACT_GRANT: JP20K14549
CONTRACT_GRANT: JP21J00504
CONTRACT_GRANT: JP21H01203
CONTRACT_GRANT: JP21H04501
CONTRACT_GRANT: JP21KK0062
CONTRACT_GRANT: CNES BC_U53-6336-4500068838
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Portions of document may include copyright protected material.
Technical Review
External Peer Committee

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