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Universal Two-Phase Convection Heat Transfer Correlations for Cryogenic Pipe ChilldownThis paper presents a set of universal two-phase convection heat transfer correlations for modeling boiling heat transfer during pipe chilldown fit over the widest available range of cryogenic fluids and thermodynamic conditions. The correlations improve upon prior correlations that were developed separately for liquid nitrogen (LN2) and liquid hydrogen (LH2) pipe quenching datasets. The new correlations include equations to calculate the single-phase vapor heat transfer, film boiling heat transfer, transition boiling heat transfer, nucleate boiling heat transfer, single-phase liquid heat transfer, bulk vapor temperature during high quality film boiling, Leidenfrost temperature, critical heat flux, critical heat flux temperature, and the onset of nucleate boiling temperature. The correlations were validated against LH2, LN2, liquid methane, liquid oxygen, and liquid argon pipe quenching datasets. The eight datasets cover the following parameter ranges: pipe lengths of 0.1 to 6.5m; outer pipe diameters of 12.7 to 25.4 mm; pipe wall thicknesses from 0.51 to 1.64 mm; flow directions of upward, downward, and horizontal; gravity levels of 1g and 0g±0.01g. A numerical model assumes homogeneous mixing between the vapor and liquid and implicitly integrates the coupled energy equations for the pipe and fluid, as well as continuity for the fluid. The model was used to estimate the equilibrium quality and fluid mass accumulation along the pipes during chilldown from estimates of the fluid-pipe heat transfer extracted from temperature measurements. The correlations can be implemented in lumped parameter codes such as SINDA/FLUINT and the Generalized Fluid System Simulation Program (GFSSP) to improve the accuracy of chilldown time and chilldown boiloff mass predictions. Such predictions are useful for designing ground or in-space cryogenic liquid transfer systems.
Document ID
20230009910
Acquisition Source
Glenn Research Center
Document Type
Poster
Authors
Samuel R Darr ORCID
(The Aerospace Corporation El Segundo, California, United States)
Matthew E Taliaferro
(The Aerospace Corporation El Segundo, California, United States)
Jason W Hartwig ORCID
(Glenn Research Center Cleveland, Ohio, United States)
Hao Wang
(University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, United States)
Bo-Han Huang
(University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, United States)
Jacob N Chung
(University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, United States)
Date Acquired
July 5, 2023
Publication Date
July 16, 2023
Subject Category
Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics
Meeting Information
Meeting: 30th Space Cryogenics Workshop
Location: Kailua-Kona, HI
Country: US
Start Date: July 16, 2023
End Date: July 18, 2023
Sponsors: Cryogenics Society of America
Funding Number(s)
WBS: 012873.05.02.01.22
CONTRACT_GRANT: 80NSSC18K1741
CONTRACT_GRANT: NSEETS TO-G-007
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Public Use Permitted.
Technical Review
Single Expert
Keywords
Universal Correlations
Line Chilldown
Liquid Hydrogen
Liquid Methane
Liquid Oxygen
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