Performance Analysis and Data Processing for the Mars Sample Recovery Helicopter in the Jet Propulsion Laboratory 25-ft Space Simulator

On April 19, 2021, Ingenuity became the first helicopter to fly on Mars at Jezero Crater, completing a total of 72 flights
by the end of its mission. The success of Ingenuity resulted in various research efforts to further explore Mars via vertical flight, including two optimized Ingenuity-sized helicopters proposed to retrieve samples for the 2028 Mars Sample
Return mission. To aid in the design process for the two proposed Sample Retrieval Helicopters, both heritage and
optimized, increased diameter rotors were tested at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the 25-ft Space Simulator.
Three test campaigns were performed using the Ingenuity rotors and optimized Sample Retrieval Helicopter (SRH)
rotors for several rotor speeds, densities, configurations, and collectives to identify performance limitations. These
three test campaigns included the Ingenuity Engineering Design Model 1 (EDM-1) with and without a cruciform box,
Transonic Rotor Test (TRT) rig, and SRH Dual Rotor Test (DRT). Experimental setup, test matrix, data processing,
data quality, and performance results for EDM-1, TRT, and DRT campaigns are presented and discussed. Experimental
results from the test campaigns will aid in future experimental methods and validation efforts for planetary rotorcraft
exploration.